Shenzhen unveils metro train with next-generation braking technology

Shenzhen has launched what operators say is the world’s first metro train using an electric-drive mechanical braking system, marking a new step in China’s push to develop advanced rail transit technologies.

A Shenzhen Metro Line 11 train runs along the city’s coastline. Selected Line 11 trains have begun operating with an electric-drive mechanical braking system, which developers describe as a breakthrough in China’s rail transit technology. Photos by Shenzhen Special Zone Daily

The new train entered passenger service on Shenzhen Metro’s Line 11 on May 21, according to local media and metro authorities. Designed for speeds of up to 120 kilometers per hour, the train replaces the conventional pneumatic braking system commonly used on metro networks with a fully electric braking mechanism.

Traditional subway braking systems typically rely on air compressors, cylinders, piping and springs to generate braking force. The new system instead uses electric power to directly control brake calipers that clamp onto brake discs, eliminating much of the complex air-pipe infrastructure found in older systems.

Metro officials and developers say the upgrade delivers smoother acceleration and braking, reducing the sudden jolts often experienced during departures and stops.

According to the project team, braking response time has been shortened by about one-third, improving operational precision and ride comfort for passengers, particularly during standing commutes.

Passengers ride a Shenzhen Metro train. 

The system also reduces the overall weight of the train by more than 15%, contributing to lower energy consumption and reduced carbon emissions, developers said.

The train is equipped with an intelligent self-diagnostic monitoring system and has received SIL4 functional safety certification, the highest international safety integrity level commonly used in railway signaling and control systems.

The project was jointly developed over two years by Shenzhen Metro, CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles and CRRC Brake.

Developers said the system underwent multiple rounds of testing, technical reviews and expert evaluations before entering commercial operation.

Officials say future versions of the technology are expected to incorporate intelligent decision-making and autonomous operational capabilities aimed at further improving rail safety and efficiency.

The launch adds another “world first” claim to Shenzhen’s rapidly expanding urban rail network as the southern Chinese technology hub continues investing in advanced transportation systems and domestically developed core technologies.